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#!/usr/bin/perl # # dpkg-fsys-usrunmess - Undoes the merged-/usr-via-aliased-dirs mess # # Copyright © 2020-2021 Guillem Jover <guillem@debian.org> # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/> use strict; use warnings; use feature qw(state); our ($PROGNAME) = $0 =~ m{(?:.*/)?([^/]*)}; our $PROGVERSION = '1.20.13'; our $ADMINDIR = '/var/lib/dpkg'; use POSIX; use File::Find; use Getopt::Long qw(:config posix_default bundling_values no_ignorecase); eval q{ pop @INC if $INC[-1] eq '.'; use File::FcntlLock; }; if ($@) { fatal('missing File::FcntlLock module; please install libfile-fcntllock-perl'); } my $opt_noact = length $ENV{DPKG_USRUNMESS_NOACT} ? 1 : 0; my $opt_prompt = 0; my @options_spec = ( 'help|?' => sub { usage(); exit 0; }, 'version' => sub { version(); exit 0; }, 'dry-run|no-act|n' => \$opt_noact, 'prompt|p' => \$opt_prompt, ); { local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { usageerr($_[0]) }; GetOptions(@options_spec); } # Set a known umask. umask 0022; my @aliased_dirs; # # Scan all dirs under / and check whether any are aliased to /usr. # foreach my $path (glob '/*') { debug("checking symlink? $path"); next unless -l $path; debug("checking merged-usr symlink? $path"); my $symlink = readlink $path; next unless $symlink eq "usr$path" or $symlink eq "/usr$path"; debug("merged-usr breakage, queueing $path"); push @aliased_dirs, $path; } if (@aliased_dirs == 0) { print "System is fine, no aliased directories found, congrats!\n"; exit 0; } # # dpkg consistency checks # debug('checking dpkg database consistency'); system(qw(dpkg --audit)) == 0 or fatal("cannot audit the dpkg database: $!"); debug('checking whether dpkg has been interrupted'); if (glob "$ADMINDIR/updates/*") { fatal('dpkg is in an inconsistent state, please fix that'); } my $aliased_regex = '^(' . join('|', @aliased_dirs) . ')/'; # # Get a list of all paths (including diversion) under the aliased dirs. # my @search_args; my %aliased_pathnames; foreach my $dir (@aliased_dirs) { push @search_args, "$dir/*"; } # We also need to track /usr/lib/modules to then be able to compute its # complement when looking for untracked kernel module files under aliased # dirs. my %usr_mod_pathnames; push @search_args, '/usr/lib/modules/*'; open my $fh_paths, '-|', 'dpkg-query', '--search', @search_args or fatal("cannot execute dpkg-query --search: $!"); while (<$fh_paths>) { if (m/^diversion by [^ ]+ from: .*$/) { # Ignore. } elsif (m/^diversion by [^ ]+ to: (.*)$/) { if (-e $1) { add_pathname($1, 'diverted pathname'); } } elsif (m/^.*: (.*)$/) { add_pathname($1, 'pathname'); } } close $fh_paths; # # Get a list of all update-alternatives under the aliased dirs. # my @selections = qx(update-alternatives --get-selections); foreach my $selection (@selections) { my $name = (split(' ', $selection))[0]; my $slaves = 0; open my $fh_alts, '-|', 'update-alternatives', '--query', $name or fatal("cannot execute update-alternatives --query: $!"); while (<$fh_alts>) { if (m/^\s*$/) { last; } elsif (m/^Link: (.*)$/) { add_pathname($1, 'alternative link'); } elsif (m/^Slaves:\s*$/) { $slaves = 1; } elsif ($slaves and m/^\s\S+\s(\S+)$/) { add_pathname($1, 'alternative slave'); } else { $slaves = 0; } } close $fh_alts; } # # Unfortunately we need to special case untracked kernel module files, # as these are required for system booting. To reduce potentially moving # undesired non-kernel module files (such as apache, python or ruby ones), # we only look for sub-dirs starting with a digit, which should match for # both Linux and kFreeBSD modules, and also for the modprobe.conf filename. # find({ no_chdir => 1, wanted => sub { my $path = $_; if (exists $aliased_pathnames{$path}) { # Ignore pathname already handled. } elsif (exists $usr_mod_pathnames{"/usr$path"}) { # Ignore pathname owned elsewhere. } elsif ($path eq '/lib/modules' or $path eq '/lib/modules/modprobe.conf' or $path =~ m{^/lib/modules/[0-9]}) { add_pathname($path, 'untracked modules'); } }, }, '/lib/modules'); my $sroot = '/.usrunmess'; my @relabel; # # Create a shadow hierarchy under / for the new unmessed dir: # debug("creating shadow dir = $sroot"); mkdir $sroot or sysfatal("cannot create directory $sroot"); foreach my $dir (@aliased_dirs) { debug("creating shadow dir = $sroot$dir"); mkdir "$sroot$dir" or sysfatal("cannot create directory $sroot$dir"); chmod 0755, "$sroot$dir" or sysfatal("cannot chmod 0755 $sroot$dir"); chown 0, 0, "$sroot$dir" or sysfatal("cannot chown 0 0 $sroot$dir"); push @relabel, "$sroot$dir"; } # # Populate the split dirs with hardlinks or copies of the objects from # their counter-parts in /usr. # foreach my $pathname (sort keys %aliased_pathnames) { my (@meta) = lstat $pathname or sysfatal("cannot lstat object $pathname for shadow hierarchy"); if (-d _) { my $mode = $meta[2]; my ($uid, $gid) = @meta[4, 5]; my ($atime, $mtime, $ctime) = @meta[8, 9, 10]; debug("creating shadow dir = $sroot$pathname"); mkdir "$sroot$pathname" or sysfatal("cannot mkdir $sroot$pathname"); chmod $mode, "$sroot$pathname" or sysfatal("cannot chmod $mode $sroot$pathname"); chown $uid, $gid, "$sroot$pathname" or sysfatal("cannot chown $uid $gid $sroot$pathname"); utime $atime, $mtime, "$sroot$pathname" or sysfatal("cannot utime $atime $mtime $sroot$pathname"); push @relabel, "$sroot$pathname"; } elsif (-f _) { debug("creating shadow file = $sroot$pathname"); copy("/usr$pathname", "$sroot$pathname"); } elsif (-l _) { my $target = readlink "/usr$pathname"; debug("creating shadow symlink = $sroot$pathname"); symlink $target, "$sroot$pathname" or sysfatal("cannot symlink $target to $sroot$pathname"); push @relabel, "$sroot$pathname"; } else { fatal("unhandled object type for '$pathname'"); } } # # Prompt at the point of no return, if the user requested it. # if ($opt_prompt) { print "Shadow hierarchy created at '$sroot', ready to proceed (y/N)? "; my $reply = <STDIN>; chomp $reply; if ($reply ne 'y' and $reply ne 'yes') { print "Aborting migration, shadow hierarchy left in place.\n"; exit 0; } } # # Mark all packages as half-configured so that we can force a mass # reconfiguration, to trigger any code in maintainer scripts that might # create files. # # XXX: We do this manually by editing the status file. # XXX: We do this for packages that might not have maintscripts, or might # not involve affected directories. # debug('marking all dpkg packages as half-configured'); if (not $opt_noact) { open my $fh_lock, '>', "$ADMINDIR/lock" or sysfatal('cannot open dpkg database lock file'); my $fs = File::FcntlLock->new(l_type => F_WRLCK); $fs->lock($fh_lock, F_SETLKW) or sysfatal('cannot get a write lock on dpkg database'); my $file_db = "$ADMINDIR/status"; my $file_dbnew = $file_db . '.new'; open my $fh_dbnew, '>', $file_dbnew or sysfatal('cannot open new dpkg database'); open my $fh_db, '<', $file_db or sysfatal('cannot open dpkg database'); while (<$fh_db>) { if (m/^Status: /) { s/ installed$/ half-configured/; } print { $fh_dbnew } $_; } close $fh_db; $fh_dbnew->flush() or sysfatal('cannot flush new dpkg database'); $fh_dbnew->sync() or sysfatal('cannot fsync new dpkg database'); close $fh_dbnew or sysfatal('cannot close new dpkg database'); rename $file_dbnew, $file_db or sysfatal('cannot rename new dpkg database'); } # # Replace things as quickly as possible: # foreach my $dir (@aliased_dirs) { debug("making dir backup = $dir.aliased"); if (not $opt_noact) { rename $dir, "$dir.aliased" or sysfatal("cannot make backup directory $dir.aliased"); } debug("renaming $sroot$dir to $dir"); if (not $opt_noact) { rename "$sroot$dir", $dir or sysfatal("cannot install fixed directory $dir"); } } mac_relabel(); # # Cleanup backup directories. # foreach my $dir (@aliased_dirs) { debug("removing backup = $dir.aliased"); if (not $opt_noact) { unlink "$dir.aliased" or sysfatal("cannot cleanup backup directory $dir.aliased"); } } my %deferred_dirnames; # # Cleanup moved objects. # foreach my $pathname (sort keys %aliased_pathnames) { my (@meta) = lstat $pathname or sysfatal("cannot lstat object $pathname for cleanup"); if (-d _) { # Skip directories as this might be shared by a proper path under the # aliased hierearchy. And so that we can remove them in reverse order. debug("deferring merged dir cleanup = /usr$pathname"); $deferred_dirnames{"/usr$pathname"} = 1; } else { debug("cleaning up pathname = /usr$pathname"); next if $opt_noact; unlink "/usr$pathname" or sysfatal("cannot unlink object /usr$pathname"); } } # # Cleanup deferred directories. # debug("cleaning up shadow deferred dir = $sroot"); my $arg_max = POSIX::sysconf(POSIX::_SC_ARG_MAX) // POSIX::_POSIX_ARG_MAX; my @batch_dirs; my $batch_size = 0; foreach my $dir (keys %deferred_dirnames) { my $dir_size = length($dir) + 1; if ($batch_size + $dir_size < $arg_max) { $batch_size += length($dir) + 1; push @batch_dirs, $dir; } else { next; } next if length $batch_size == 0; open my $fh_dirs, '-|', 'dpkg-query', '--search', @batch_dirs or fatal("cannot execute dpkg-query --search: $!"); while (<$fh_dirs>) { if (m/^.*: (.*)$/) { # If the directory is known by its aliased name, it should not be # cleaned up. if (exists $deferred_dirnames{$1}) { delete $deferred_dirnames{$1}; } } } close $fh_dirs; @batch_dirs = (); $batch_size = 0; } my @dirs_linger; if (not $opt_noact) { foreach my $dirname (reverse sort keys %deferred_dirnames) { next if rmdir $dirname; warning("cannot remove shadow directory $dirname: $!"); push @dirs_linger, $dirname; } } if (not $opt_noact) { debug("cleaning up shadow root dir = $sroot"); rmdir $sroot or warning("cannot remove shadow directory $sroot: $!"); } # # Re-configure all packages, so that postinst maintscripts are executed. # my $policypath = '/usr/sbin/dpkg-fsys-usrunmess-policy-rc.d'; debug('installing local policy-rc.d'); if (not $opt_noact) { open my $policyfh, '>', $policypath or sysfatal("cannot create $policypath"); print { $policyfh } <<'POLICYRC'; #!/bin/sh echo "$0: Denied action $2 for service $1" exit 101 POLICYRC close $policyfh or fatal("cannot write $policypath"); my @alt = (qw(/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d policy-rc.d), $policypath, qw(1000)); system(qw(update-alternatives --install), @alt) == 0 or fatal("cannot register $policypath"); system(qw(update-alternatives --set policy-rc.d), $policypath) == 0 or fatal("cannot select alternative $policypath"); } debug('reconfiguring all packages'); if (not $opt_noact) { local $ENV{DEBIAN_FRONTEND} = 'noninteractive'; system(qw(dpkg --configure --pending)) == 0 or fatal("cannot reconfigure packages: $!"); } debug('removing local policy-rc.d'); if (not $opt_noact) { system(qw(update-alternatives --remove policy-rc.d), $policypath) == 0 or fatal("cannot unregister $policypath: $!"); unlink $policypath or warning("cannot remove $policypath"); # Restore the selections we saved initially. open my $altfh, '|-', qw(update-alternatives --set-selections) or fatal('cannot restore alternatives state'); print { $altfh } $_ foreach @selections; close $altfh or fatal('cannot restore alternatives state'); } print "\n"; if (@dirs_linger) { warning('lingering directories that could not be removed:'); foreach my $dir (@dirs_linger) { warning(" $dir"); } } print "Done, hierarchy unmessed, congrats!\n"; print "Rebooting now is very strongly advised.\n"; print "(Note: you might need to run 'hash -r' in your shell.)\n"; 1; ## ## Functions ## sub debug { my $msg = shift; print { \*STDERR } "D: $msg\n"; } sub warning { my $msg = shift; warn "warning: $msg\n"; } sub fatal { my $msg = shift; die "error: $msg\n"; } sub sysfatal { my $msg = shift; fatal("$msg: $!"); } sub copy { my ($src, $dst) = @_; # Try to hardlink first. return if link $src, $dst; # If we are on different filesystems, try a copy. if ($! == POSIX::EXDEV) { # XXX: This will not preserve hardlinks, these would get restored # after the next package upgrade. system('cp', '-a', $src, $dst) == 0 or fatal("cannot copy file $src to $dst: $?"); } else { sysfatal("cannot link file $src to $dst"); } } sub mac_relabel { my $has_cmd = 0; foreach my $path (split /:/, $ENV{PATH}) { if (-x "$path/restorecon") { $has_cmd = 1; last; } } return unless $has_cmd; foreach my $pathname (@relabel) { system('restorecon', $pathname) == 0 or fatal("cannot restore MAC context for $pathname: $?"); } } sub add_pathname { my ($pathname, $origin) = @_; if ($pathname =~ m{^/usr/lib/modules/}) { debug("tracking $origin = $pathname"); $usr_mod_pathnames{$pathname} = 1; } elsif ($pathname =~ m/$aliased_regex/) { debug("adding $origin = $pathname"); $aliased_pathnames{$pathname} = 1; } } sub version() { printf "Debian %s version %s.\n", $PROGNAME, $PROGVERSION; } sub usage { printf 'Usage: %s [<option>...]' . "\n\n" . 'Options: -p, --prompt prompt before the point of no return. -n, --no-act just check and create the new structure, no switch. --dry-run ditto. -?, --help show this help message. --version show the version.' . "\n", $PROGNAME; } sub usageerr { my $msg = shift; state $printforhelp = 'Use --help for program usage information.'; $msg = sprintf $msg, @_ if @_; warn "$PROGNAME: error: $msg\n"; warn "$printforhelp\n"; exit 2; }